Dr. Antonio Cabezas: "Kidney diseases affect millions and progress silently"

On the occasion of World Kidney Day, celebrated on Thursday, 13th March, nephrologist Dr. Antonio Cabezas Martín-Caro from IMED Elche offers expert insights into kidney health, highlighting the importance of prevention, early detection, and advancements in the treatment of kidney diseases.

-Diabetes and hypertension are the leading causes of kidney disease. What can you say about this?

-Kidney diseases affect millions worldwide, often progressing silently until reaching an advanced stage. "The main causes of chronic kidney disease are diabetes mellitus and hypertension," states Dr. Cabezas. Both conditions can progressively impair kidney function if not properly managed.

-What healthy habits can help prevent kidney diseases?

-To prevent the development of kidney diseases, adopting healthy habits is essential. It is crucial to maintain adequate water intake, follow a balanced diet low in salt, avoid overweight, and engage in regular physical activity. Good urinary hygiene, blood pressure control, and avoiding nephrotoxic medications like certain anti-inflammatories and antibiotics are also important.

-Warning signs: when should one be concerned?

-Chronic kidney disease is often silent in its early stages, making early detection challenging. However, there are signs that can alert us to its presence. Symptoms may include the recent onset of hypertension, swelling, reduced urine output, changes in urine, nocturia (frequent urination at night), or polydipsia (excessive thirst).

-What advancements are there today in the detection and treatment of kidney diseases?

-Technological advancements have significantly improved the diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases. We now have precise diagnostic tools such as glomerular filtration rate determination and markers like creatinine, urea, and cystatin C. Additionally, urine studies and renal imaging tests allow for early problem detection and personalised treatments.

-Who should see a nephrologist?

-It is recommended to consult a specialist in cases of deteriorating kidney function with a glomerular filtration rate below 60 ml/min, presence of proteins in urine, difficult-to-control hypertension, diabetes mellitus over five years with signs of albuminuria, or a history of recurrent kidney stones.

-Is there a key relationship between hydration and good kidney function?

-Adequate water consumption is crucial for proper kidney function. Hydration is key to maintaining optimal kidney function. It is important to adjust water intake to individual needs, increasing consumption in situations of heat, exercise, or high digestive losses," affirms the specialist.

-Can people with only one kidney lead a normal life?

-Many individuals live with only one kidney for various reasons. Do they require special care? Monorenal patients (with one kidney) can lead a normal life, but it is advisable to have at least an annual analytical check-up. Additionally, in case of discomfort when urinating or kidney pain, a priority ultrasound is recommended. Strict blood pressure control is also advised, ensuring it does not exceed 135/85 mmHg.